Efforts to fully integrate physicians infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into residency programs have been complicated by concerns of the potential risks of viral transmission from physician to patient. Despite numerous studies, this potential risk has not been quantified. This article addresses the issue of HIV-infected interns and residents, classifying HIV as a potential disability. The suggested recommendations emphasize routine monitoring and evaluation of professional competence and compliance with proper infection control procedures, as delineated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The need for hospitalwide guidelines and adequate health and disability insurance are also discussed.