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From the Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (Dr Mason) and the Department of Family Medicine (Dr Ciervo) at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Osteopathic Medicine in Stratford.

Address correspondence to David C. Mason, DO, Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Osteopathic Medicine, 42 E Laurel Rd, Suite 3900, Stratford, NJ 08084. E-mail: masondc{at}umdnj.edu.

Neonates and infants with brachial plexus injuries are typically treated using splinting, range-of-motion exercise, and, in more severe cases, nerve reconstruction. However, myofascial release—a common osteopathic manipulative treatment technique that has been used to manage thoracic outlet syndrome in adults—may provide effective, noninvasive management of brachial plexus injuries in neonates and infants. While emphasizing the importance of good communication with parents of affected patients, the authors review brachial plexus anatomy, describe diagnostic examinations, and outline a comprehensive treatment strategy.