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Dr Spratt is on the speakers bureau for Merck & Co, Pfizer Inc, and AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP.

Address correspondence to Kelly Anne Spratt, DO, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Cardiovascular Division, Philadelphia Heart Institute, Second Floor, 39th & Market Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19104.E-mail: kspratt{at}uphs.upenn.edu

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Results from numerous well-designed clinical trials indicate that interventions designed to modify lipid levels significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly in patients at highest risk. The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines recommend matching the intensity of lipid-lowering therapy to the patient's risk of CHD. However, despite the existence of evidence-based treatment guidelines and the availability of many safe and effective lipid-modifying modes of therapy, optimal CHD risk reduction rarely is achieved.