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Dr Chilton is director of the Catheterization Laboratory and an associate professor in the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.

Address correspondence to Robert J. Chilton, DO, FACC, FAHA, FACOI, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 27971 Smithson Valley, San Antonio, TX 78261.E-mail: chilton{at}uthscsa.edu

The Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) provides an evidence-based approach to the diagnosis of dyslipidemia and the management of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This article provides a brief overview of the ATP III therapeutic approach (therapeutic lifestyle changes alone or in combination with a pharmacologic agent) in which the patient's level of risk for coronary heart disease guides the intensity of intervention to lower LDL-C concentrations. Because statins have been found to effectively help patients reach ATP III target LDL-C levels to reduce their risk of coronary events, they tend to be the treatment of choice when initial therapy with therapeutic lifestyle changes alone fails to achieve the target level. Discussion includes a summary of the beneficial properties of statins beyond lipid lowering.

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